Video:
Audio:
Recommended Reading:
- Powerpoint presentation
- Jonathan Riley-Smith’s The Crusades is probably the best one-volume history to cover the course of the Crusades.
- Rodney Stark’s God’s Battalions presents the case that the crusades were justified in the context of the eleventh and twelfth centuries. See also Robert Spencer’s Poltically Incorrect Guide to Islam (and the Crusades) for this point of view.
- Selected primary sources on the Crusades
- Quellar and Madden’s The Fourth Crusade is the most respected treatment of the ill-fated expedition.
Crusades—Foreign – Quiz
- Describe the various motives European nobles had for going on Crusade.
- Identify at least two long-term effects of the Crusades.
- In 1071, the __________ Turks won a strategic victory over the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of _________.
- List the four Crusader States created following the capture of Jerusalem in 1099.
- Pope _________ called the First Crusade at the ______________ in 1095.
- The Fourth Crusade culminated in the sack of ______________.
- The Third Crusade is called the “Crusade of the Three Kings” because ___________, _____________, and ____________ all participated in it.
- What significant religious event occurred in 1054?
- Spiritual benefits, prospect of material gain, opportunities to exercise martial skills
- Broadening of European perspective, growth of Italian port cities, reversal of long-term Muslim encroachment on Christian territory, increased European stability
- Seljuk, Manzikert
- Kingdom of Jerusalem, County of Edessa, County of Tripoli, Principality of Antioch
- Urban II, Council of Clermont
- Constantinople
- Richard I of England, Philip II of France, Frederick I of the Holy Roman Empire
- A permanent schism between the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches