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Audio:
Recommended Reading:
- Powerpoint presentation
- Roland Bainton’s Here I Stand is a classic biography of Martin Luther, very accessible but light on theology. Martin Marty’s Martin Luther: A Life does a good job of making the theological debates of the 16th century accessible to modern readers.
- Steven Ozment is one of the best historians of Reformation Europe. His new book The Serpent and the Lamb focuses on the relationship between Luther and the most important artist of the German Reformation, Lucas Cranach.
- Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses
- This collection of Luther’s writings, edited by John Dillenberger, includes the “revolutionary pamphlets” of 1520 as well as some commentaries on the Scripture and a treatise on the extent to which civil government should be obeyed.
- The Augsburg Confession (1530)
German Reformation – Quiz
- In the years leading up to the posting of the Ninety-Five Theses, Martin Luther became convinced through his study of St. Paul’s epistle to the ___________ that the Christian’s salvation comes through _________ alone.
- Luther’s doctrine of sola ___________ reduced the influence of church tradition in the areas where he had influence.
- The practice of _________________ provoked Luther to post his Ninety-Five Theses in 1517.
- Identify the three “revolutionary pamphlets” Luther published in 1520.
- The term ______________ was coined at the Second Diet of Speyer when Luther’s allies objected to the resolutions adopted by the Roman Catholic majority.
- The series of conflicts in which Holy Roman Emperor Charles V attempted to subdue the Lutheran nobility in the 1540s and 1550s is called the _____________________.
- The principle “cuius region, eius religio” was adopted in the __________________ in 1555.
- Romans; faith
- scriptura
- selling indulgences
- Address to the Nobility of the German Nation; The Freedom of a Christian Man; The Babylonian Captivity of the Church
- Protestant
- Schmalkaldic Wars
- Peace of Augsburg